・英語の勉強をしているけど、単語が全然覚えられない
・長文を学校や塾でたくさん読んでいるけど、全然読めるようにならない
・東大クラスの大学を狙いたいけど、英語の点数が不安で自信がない
もし、こんな悩みを抱えているとしたら、今回の記事は
きっとあなたの役に立てると思います。
というのも実際に私自身東大受験を経験して
東大レベルの英語力をつけるには
大きく3つの力さえつければ良い
ということを知ったからです。
実際に、高3の時には東大模試で50点台が関の山だった英語の点数が
模試では最高92点と大きく点数を伸ばすことができました。
なので今日の記事では図解を交えながら
東大レベルの英語力をつけるためにはどんな力が必要なのか
お伝えしたいと思います。
東大レベルの英語に必要な3つの要素
以前受験対策ピラミッドを紹介しました。
受験生のパフォーマンスは大枠このようになっており、
それぞれのフェーズにあった勉強の仕方が必要、というものです。
そして、これを英語で当てはめるとこうなります。
第一段階：単語・文法
基礎にあたる部分は単語・文法です。
もし、あなたが東大クラスの英語力をつけたいと思っているなら、
単語・文法は絶対に避けては通れない
ということを覚えておいてください。
単語・文法の土台が万全であれば、今後の英語学習において馬力が出るので
英単語と英文法をいかに早く完成させることが出来るか
これが東大や難関国立大を目指す上では非常に大事になります。
逆に、英単語や英文法から逃げ続けると後々地獄です。
よく受験直前になって、単語帳や文法問題集を解いている受験生を見かけますが、
その時点でかなり手遅れかもしれません。
というのも、受験直前ですら、まだ基礎が完成できていないということになるので、
その状態で過去問や問題演習を積んでも、大きな馬力が出ないからです。
また、近年スピーキング力が重視されるようになっていく中で
「文法なんて学ばなくて良い」
そう主張する予備校講師や学校の先生もいらっしゃいますが、
文法を軽視する学習の仕方は少なくとも東大など難関国立大学の受験に関しては
ナンセンスだと私は思います。
大学の試験は「高校範囲で習う英語」がどれくらい身についているかを問う試験です。
「高校範囲で習う英語」には文法の学習も含まれます。
また、「読む」「聞く」「話す」「書く」の４技能の中で、
特に「書く」「読む」にあたっては文法の知識がないと正確に情報を受信することができません。
いずれにせよ、東大レベルを目指すのであれば
単語と文法、この2つの基礎をまずはきっちり固めないと話が始まらないと
覚えておいてください。
第二段階：構文
単語・文法がある程度できるようになったら、次は構文です。
構文とは端的に言ってしまうと、一文を正確に読めるようになることです。
受験生の多くが長文に取り組むと思われますが、長文も一文一文の集まりです。
その一文をきちんと読めてこそ、長文も理解できるようになります。
すなわち森を見るためにはまずは木を見られるようにする必要があるのです。
一文を正確に読めるようになるための訓練方法で最も有効なものは
「英文和訳」です。
・文章の構造を把握し、
・訳語を文脈に応じて、適切に訳せるようになる
この2つがきちんとできるように、トレーニングを積んでいくことが大切です。
第三段階：長文
いよいよ長文です。
木を見られるようになったら、次は「森」を見るトレーニングです。
東大に受かる人が共通して出来る「ある問題」とはでも解説しましたが、長文読解で大切なのは
構造を把握しながら読めるようになること。
頭の良い人は長文を一文単位ではなく、このように構造化して読む癖がついています。
文章の強弱をつけながら読むことができれば
・文意の把握もしやすくなる
・結果、得点が上がる
・読むのも1.5倍〜2倍早くなる
ことが期待できます。
また、東大では5分ほどのリスニングが3つ、合計15問の問題が出題されますが、
長文読解が構造的にできるようになっていると、
リスニングにおいても情報の取捨権択ができるため、
正答率がグッと上がります。
このように、全体の論理の流れを追えるか、
第三段階ではこのような意識が非常に大事になるでしょう。
※第四段階については過去問を解いていく中で、
必要なテクニックなどがメインなので、ここでは解説はしません。
まとめると
・単語と文法の盤石な基礎力
・一文を正確に把握する力
・文章を構造的に把握する力
この3つの力を順番に伸ばしていくことが
東大レベルの英語力を身につけるために必要な要素になります。
この3つの力を意識して英語に取り組めば
あなたの英語力にとって大きなプラスになると思います！
最後までお読みいただきありがとうございました。
さて、ここまで読んでいただいたあなたに提案があるのですが…。
1ヶ月、あなたの勉強を無料で東大生や東大卒の先輩に見てもらいませんか？
Smart Studyでは東大をはじめとする難関大学を志望する高校生・高卒生を対象に
オンラインで、1対1のコーチングを行うことで、あなたの勉強の舵取りをする、そんなサービスです。
もし、少しでも興味があれば、是非公式サイトを覗いてみてくださいね！
覗いてみる
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